Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma: Case Report of Late Occurrence in Postmenopausal Patient / Leiomiomatose Benigna Metastatizante Pulmonar: Relato de um Caso com Ocorrência Tardia em Paciente Pós-menopausa / Leiomiomatosis Benigna Metastatizante Pulmonar: Reporte de un Caso con Ocurrencia Tardía en Paciente Posmenopáusica

Introduction: Pulmonary benign metastasizing leiomyoma (PBML) is a rare condition that occurs most commonly in young women of reproductive age some years after hysterectomy. The aim of this study was to report a PBML case which occurred 33 years after hysterectomy in a postmenopausal patient. Case report: A 59-year-old female diabetic patient, G2P2A0, with dyslipidemia, a non-smoker and ex-alcoholic (quit in the 90s), with pulmonary symptoms was referred to the health service. A chest computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple pulmonary nodules. A previous history of hysterectomy at 26 years of age led to a diagnostic hypothesis of PBML. The patient underwent segmentectomy of the largest nodule (measuring 1.2 x 0.9 cm) located in the left lung. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry studies confirmed the diagnosis of PBML. Conclusion: The patient is currently in good physical condition (regression of previous pulmonary symptoms) and scheduled for clinical follow-up. A new chest CT will be performed in 6 months

Introdução: A leiomiomatose benigna metastatizante pulmonar (LBMP) é uma doença rara, ocorrendo mais comumente em mulheres jovens em idade reprodutiva alguns anos após a realização de histerectomia. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de LBMP de ocorrência tardia, 33 anos após a realização de histerectomia, em uma paciente pós-menopausa. Relato do caso: Paciente do gênero feminino, 59 anos, G2P2A0, diabética, dislipidêmica, não tabagista e ex-etilista (parou na década de 1990), foi encaminhada ao serviço médico com sintomas pulmonares, sendo realizada tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax que revelou múltiplos nódulos pulmonares. Havia história prévia de histerectomia aos 26 anos de idade, sendo levantada a hipótese diagnóstica de LBMP. Paciente realizou segmentectomia do maior nódulo (medindo 1,2 x 0,9 cm) localizado no pulmão esquerdo. Exame anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímica confirmaram o diagnóstico de LBMP. Conclusão: Atualmente, a paciente se encontra em seguimento clínico e em bom estado geral (sem os sintomas pulmonares apresentados inicialmente). Será realizada uma nova TC de tórax em seis meses

Introducción: La leiomiomatosis benigna metastatizante pulmonar (LBMP) es una enfermedad rara, que ocurre con mayor frecuencia en mujeres jóvenes en edad reproductiva pocos años después de la histerectomía. El objetivo de este estudio fue reportar un caso de LBMP de inicio tardío, 33 años después de la histerectomía, en una paciente posmenopáusica. Reporte del caso: Paciente de género femenino, 59 años, G2P2A0, diabética, dislipidémica, no fumadora y exalcohólica (parado en los 90), fue remitida al servicio por cuadro pulmonar, siendo sometida a tomografía computarizada (TC) de tórax, que reveló múltiples nódulos pulmonares. Existía antecedente de histerectomía a los 26 años, planteando la hipótesis diagnóstica de LBMP. Paciente fue sometida a segmentectomía del nódulo de mayor tamaño (de 1,2 x 0,9 cm) localizado en el pulmón izquierdo. El examen patológico y la inmunohistoquímica confirmaron el diagnóstico de LBMP. Conclusión: Actualmente la paciente se encuentra en seguimiento clínico y en buen estado general (sin los síntomas pulmonares presentados inicialmente). Se realizará una nueva TC de tórax en seis meses

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: case series / Mastite granulomatosa idiopática: série de casos

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is a rare disease that mimics other pathological conditions, including breast adenocarcinoma, breast tuberculosis, and abscess. Three patients diagnosed with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis were analyzed, receiving corticosteroid treatment, antibiotic therapy in cases of abscesses, and, in one case, resection of the affected breast segment. All patients exhibited regression of symptoms.

A mastite granulomatosa idiopática é uma doença rara que mimetiza outras condições patológicas, incluindo adenocarcinoma de mama, tuberculose de mama e abscesso. Foram analisados três pacientes com diagnóstico de mastite granulomatosa idiopática, que receberam como tratamento corticosteroide, antibioticoterapia em casos de abscessos e, em um caso, ressecção do segmento mamário afetado. Todas as pacientes evoluíram com regressão dos sintomas.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: case report.

Female patient, 42-years-old, complaining of difficulty in urinating and swelling in the vulvar area for one year. Her gynecological examination showed extensive injury in the vulvar region and the biopsy done was inconclusive. The removal of the lesion was conducted. After the procedure, the patient remains free of recurrence for 15 months. This case highlights the need to consider angiomyxoma in the differential diagnosis for tumors of unknown cause in the vulvar region.

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: case report / Angiomixoma agressivo da vulva: relato de caso

Female patient, 42-years-old, complaining of difficulty in urinating and swelling in the vulvar area for one year. Her gynecological examination showed extensive injury in the vulvar region and the biopsy done was inconclusive. The removal of the lesion was conducted. After the procedure, the patient remains free of recurrence for 15 months. This case highlights the need to consider angiomyxoma in the differential diagnosis for tumors of unknown cause in the vulvar region.

Paciente do gênero feminino, 42 anos, com queixas de dificuldade ao urinar e aumento de volume na região vulvar há 1 ano. Ao exame ginecológico, apresentava extensa lesão na região vulvar. Biópsia da lesão foi inconclusiva. Realizou-se a exérese da lesão. A paciente permanece livre de recorrências há 15 meses. Este caso destaca a necessidade de considerar o angiomixoma no diagnóstico diferencial de massas de causa desconhecida na região vulvar.

Idiopathic popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm: emergency diagnosis and treatment / Pseudoaneurisma idiopático da artéria poplítea: abordagem diagnóstico-terapêutica na urgência

Pseudoaneurysms or false aneurysms of the popliteal artery are uncommon arterial disorders. These disorders most commonly result from trauma and iatrogenic lesions following orthopedic procedures. The authors report a rare case of popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm in which etiology was unknown. The authors also demonstrate that Doppler ultrasonography may be sufficient for planning vascular surgical procedures and that the open surgical approach is the treatment of choice for cases in which the symptomatic lesion causes local compression...

Pseudoaneurismas ou aneurismas falsos de artéria poplítea são doenças arteriais incomuns. Eles resultam, mais frequentemente, de traumatismos e lesões iatrogênicas após procedimentos ortopédicos. Os autores relatam um raro caso de pseudoaneurisma de artéria poplítea para o qual não foi encontrada etiologia. Demonstram ainda que a ultrassonografia com Doppler pode ser suficiente para o planejamento de procedimentos cirúrgicos vasculares, sendo a abordagem aberta a escolha para casos em que se tenha uma lesão com sintomas compressivos locais...

Epidemiological and histopathological profile of cutaneous melanoma at a center in northeastern Brazil from 2000 to 2010.

BACKGROUND: While representing only 3-4% of malignant skin tumors, cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive and lethal. Statistical knowledge about the biological behavior of this tumor is essential for guiding daily outpatient practice and aiding public health policies. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the profile of patients with cutaneous melanoma attending a pathology department in Teresina (state of Piauí) between 2000 and 2010. METHODS: Retrospective study of melanoma patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2010 in the São Marcos Hospital in the city of Teresina. The pathology laboratory reports were studied and all the statistical analyses performed using SPSS 19.0. RESULTS: A total of 25 in situ, 199 invasive and 89 metastatic melanomas of unknown primary site were observed. Histological types found were nodular (52.8%), superficial spreading melanoma (18.6%), acral (10.6%) and lentigo maligna (9.5%). In 144 (73.4%) cases the Breslow thickness was >1 mm. Metastasis was found in 28.6% of invasive melanomas and nodular melanoma, Clark IV/ V, Breslow > 1 mm, mitotic index > 6 and ulcerated lesions were more likely to metastasize. CONCLUSION: Most melanomas presented Breslow> 1mm. The main factors associated with metastasis were nodular type, Clark IV / V, Breslow > 1mm, mitotic index > 6 and ulcerated lesions.

Epidemiological and histopathological profile of cutaneous melanoma at a center in northeastern Brazil from 2000 to 2010 / Perfil epidemiologico e histopatologico do melanoma cutaneo em um centro do nordeste brasileiro de 2000 a 2010

BACKGROUND: While representing only 3-4% of malignant skin tumors, cutaneous melanoma is the most aggressive and lethal. Statistical knowledge about the biological behavior of this tumor is essential for guiding daily outpatient practice and aiding public health policies. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the profile of patients with cutaneous melanoma attending a pathology department in Teresina (state of Piauí) between 2000 and 2010. METHODS: Retrospective study of melanoma patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2010 in the São Marcos Hospital in the city of Teresina. The pathology laboratory reports were studied and all the statistical analyses performed using SPSS 19.0. RESULTS: A total of 25 in situ, 199 invasive and 89 metastatic melanomas of unknown primary site were observed. Histological types found were nodular (52.8%), superficial spreading melanoma (18.6%), acral (10.6%) and lentigo maligna (9.5%). In 144 (73.4%) cases the Breslow thickness was >1 mm. Metastasis was found in 28.6% of invasive melanomas and nodular melanoma, Clark IV/ V, Breslow > 1 mm, mitotic index > 6 and ulcerated lesions were more likely to metastasize. CONCLUSION: Most melanomas presented Breslow> 1mm. The main factors associated with metastasis were nodular type, Clark IV / V, Breslow> 1mm, mitotic index > 6 and ulcerated lesions. .

FUNDAMENTOS: Apesar de representar apenas 3-4% dos tumores malignos de pele, o melanoma cutâneo é o mais agressivo e letal deles. O conhecimento estatístico do comportamento biológico deste tumor em nosso meio ambiente é fundamental para orientar a prática ambulatorial diária e para auxiliar políticas de saúde pública. OBJETIVOS: Analisar o perfil de pacientes com melanoma cutâneo diagnosticados em serviço de referência em patologia em Teresina-Piauí no período de 2000 a 2010. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com melanoma diagnosticados entre 2000 e 2010 no Hospital São Marcos, Teresina-Piauí-Brasil. Estudou-se laudos histopatológicos e realizou-se análises estatísticas com o programa SPSS 19,0. RESULTADOS: Um total de 25 melanomas in situ, 199 invasivos e 89 metastáticos de sítio primário desconhecido foram observados. Tipos histológicos encontrados foram nodular (52,8%), melanoma extensivo superficial (18,6%), acral (10,6%) e lentigo maligno (9,5%). Em 144 (73,4%) casos o índice de Breslow foi >1 mm. Verificou-se metástases em 28,6% dos melanomas invasivos e melanoma nodular, Clark IV/V, Breslow >1 mm, índice mitótico ≥6 e lesões ulceradas estavam mais propensos a metástases. CONCLUSÃO: Melanomas com Breslow >1mm foram os casos predominantes. Principais fatores ...

Assessment of tumor regression in patients with rectal carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosis among both genders worldwide and the second in developed countries. The high incidence of local recurrence (20-70%) remains perhaps the major complication of surgery for rectal cancer, besides the persistent high rate of distant metastasis (30-35%) in this disease. Object: The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in pathologic characteristics of rectal cancer patients, analyzing the possible morphological parameters influencing the response to preoperative treatment. Material and Methods: We retrospectively selected all the patients who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by excisional surgery for rectal carcinoma between 2003 and 2009 in Hospital São Marcos, Teresina - Piauí - Brazil. The clinical and pathological features for each patient were retrieved. The correlation between tumor regressiongrade (TRG) and other parameters were studied with the Pearson chi-square test. All statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 19.0. Results: From January 2003 to December 2009, 79 patients with rectal cancer were treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Pathologicexamination of resected specimens revealed complete tumor regression (TRG1) in 18%, partial tumor regression (TRG2-4) in 71% and no regression (TRG5) in 11% of the patients. Of all the patients, 48% had their tumor downstaged at the time of pathologic examination. We found correlation (p < 0.05) between different levels of tumor regression and necrosis, histological type, differentiation grade and metastasis. Conclusion: Pathological complete response was 18% and was positive correlated with high histological differentiated, usual adenocarcinoma and absence of necrosis and metastasis

Sentinel lymph node biopsy in cases of skin melanoma: initial experiences at a center in northeastern Brazil.

The incidence of skin melanoma is increasing worldwide. The presence of lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor of this disease, the thicker the lesion the greater the likelihood of lymph node involvement. Approximately 20% of patients with Breslow depth 1-4 mm have lymph node metastasis. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is standard procedure in the management of patients with skin melanoma, reflecting progress in the treatment of this disease since this procedure avoids an unnecessary radical lymphadenectomy, thus reducing the morbidity of treatment. This paper describes a series of cases involving sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma patients in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil between 2008 and 2009.

Cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma: case report.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma (CMN) is a rare pediatric renal tumor. It comprises two histological subtypes, namely classic and cellular, with the second accounting for two thirds of all cases and being more often associated with poor prognosis. It remains a diagnostic challenge for pathologists due to its similarity with other more frequent pediatric kidney neoplasms. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 2-year- old girl who presented with a left renal mass. After nephrectomy, the specimen analysis showed, on gross examination, an extensive, granular and whitish tumor lesion occupying almost the entire kidney, invading the renal sinus, capsule and perirenal fat, with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Histologically, it was characterized by ovoid spindle cells, mitoses and no cell atypia, which led to a diagnosis of cellular mesoblastic nephroma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was carried out, but tumor recurrence occurred in the first year, presenting as an unresectable tumor that did not respond to adjuvant chemotherapy and the patient died at 4 years of age. DISCUSSION: The cellular variant tends to be more aggressive, with a survival rate of 85% versus 100% for the classic variant. Recurrence generally occurs in the first year, particularly with the cellular variant.

Linfonodo sentinela em melanoma: experiência inicial de um centro do nordeste brasileiro / Sentinel lymph node biopsy in cases of skin melanoma: initial experiences at a center in northeastern Brazil

A incidência do melanoma cutâneo é crescente em todo o mundo. A presença de metástases em linfonodos é o mais importante fator prognóstico, sendo que a probabilidade de envolvimento linfonodal é maior nas lesões de maior espessura, ocorrendo em 20 por cento dos pacientes com Breslow, de 1 a 4mm. A pesquisa do linfonodo sentinela já é padrão em melanoma e representou um avanço no tratamento da doença, por evitar linfonodectomias radicais desnecessárias, diminuindo a morbidade do tratamento. Apresentamos uma série de casos de pesquisa de linfonodo sentinela em pacientes com melanoma, em Teresina-Piauí, nos anos de 2008 e 2009.

The incidence of skin melanoma is increasing worldwide. The presence of lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor of this disease, the thicker the lesion the greater the likelihood of lymph node involvement. Approximately 20 percent of patients with Breslow depth 1-4 mm have lymph node metastasis. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is standard procedure in the management of patients with skin melanoma, reflecting progress in the treatment of this disease since this procedure avoids an unnecessary radical lymphadenectomy, thus reducing the morbidity of treatment. This paper describes a series of cases involving sentinel lymph node biopsy in melanoma patients in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil between 2008 and 2009.

Nefroma mesoblástico congênito subtipo celular: relato de caso / Cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma: case report

INTRODUÇÃO: Nefroma Mesoblástico Con-gênito é uma rara neoplasia renal pediátrica. Apresenta dois subtipos histológicos, clássico e celular, sendo o último de pior prognóstico e responsável por aproximadamente dois terços dos casos. Esse tumor ainda é um desafio diagnóstico aos patologistas devido à similaridade com outras neoplasias pediátricas renais mais frequentes. RELATO DO CASO: Criança do gênero feminino, 2 anos e 9 meses de idade, foi encaminhada a serviço médico com referência em oncologia apresentando massa renal à esquerda. Após nefrectomia, o estudo do espécime mostrou, macroscopicamente, extensa área tumoral granular, brancoacinzentada, ocupando aproximadamente todo o rim, invadindo seio renal, cápsula e gordura perirrenal, com áreas de hemorragia e necrose. Histologicamente, caracterizava-se pela presença de células fusiformes e mitoses, sem atipias celulares. O diagnóstico foi de Nefroma Mesoblástico Congênito subtipo celular e a paciente foi submetida a quimioterapia. Durante o primeiro ano de tratamento, houve recidiva do tumor, apresentando-se irressecável e sem resposta a nova quimioterapia. A paciente foi a óbito aos 4 anos de idade. DISCUSSÃO: O subtipo celular do nefroma mesoblástico tende a ser mais agressivo, apresentando uma taxa de sobrevivência de 85 por cento, comparada com 100 por cento para a variante clássica. Geralmente, a recorrência ocorre no primeiro ano de tratamento, principalmente quando o subtipo é o celular.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma (CMN) is a rare pediatric renal tumor. It comprises two histological subtypes, namely classic and cellular, with the second accounting for two thirds of all cases and being more often associated with poor prognosis. It remains a diagnostic challenge for pathologists due to its similarity with other more frequent pediatric kidney neoplasms. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a 2-year- old girl who presented with a left renal mass. After nephrectomy, the specimen analysis showed, on gross examination, an extensive, granular and whitish tumor lesion occupying almost the entire kidney, invading the renal sinus, capsule and perirenal fat, with areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. Histologically, it was characterized by ovoid spindle cells, mitoses and no cell atypia, which led to a diagnosis of cellular mesoblastic nephroma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was carried out, but tumor recurrence occurred in the first year, presenting as an unresectable tumor that did not respond to adjuvant chemotherapy and the patient died at 4 years of age. DISCUSSION: The cellular variant tends to be more aggressive, with a survival rate of 85 percent versus 100 percent for the classic variant. Recurrence generally occurs in the first year, particularly with the cellular variant.

Fasciite craniana em paciente jovem / Cranial fasciitis in a young patient: case report and review of literature

Fasciite craniana é uma lesão benigna rara do crânio, semelhante à fasciite nodular que ocorre maisfrequentemente na infância. Embora seja rara, essa lesão pode mimetizar entidades mais agressivas.Clinicamente, apresenta-se como uma massa indolor e que raramente produz sintomas neurológicos.Objetiva-se, aqui, relatar um caso de fasciite craniana em adolescente de 14 anos, descrevendo osseus achados clínicos, de neuroimagem e anatomopatológicos, além de uma breve revisão da literatura.

Cranial fasciitis is a rare benign intracranial lesion, similar to nodular fasciitis, most frequently occurringin children. Although rare, this lesion can mimic more aggressive entities. The clinical presentationincludes a solid painless lesion, rarely causing neurological symptoms. The purpose of this report is toreport a case of cranial fasciitis in a 14 year-old patient, describing relevant clinical, neuroimaging andpathological findings as well as a brief literature review.

[Benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma: case reports]. / Leiomioma uterino metastatizante benigno: relato de dois casos.

Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis (BML) is a rare disease in which the lung is the most affected extra-uterine organ. The BML histology is compatible with benignity and similar to that found in the myometrial leiomyoma. A history of surgically treated uterine myomatosis is reported by most of the patients with metastatic disease. We report the cases of two patients with uterine metastasizing leiomyomatosis. In the first case, a 55-year-old patient presented lung nodes over 20 years after being submitted to hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma. The histological and immunohistochemical studies from the lung node revealed that it was an implant of benign leiomyoma. The second patient, a 65-years-old woman, presented lung and retroperitoneal nodes 20 years after being submitted to a hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma.

Leiomioma uterino metastatizante benigno: relato de dois casos / Benign metastasizing uterine leiomyoma: case reports

Leiomiomatose metastatizante benigna (LMB) é uma doença rara na qual o pulmão é o órgão extrauterino mais afetado. A histologia da LMB é compatível com benignidade e semelhante à encontrada nos leiomiomas miometriais. Uma história de miomatose uterina tratada cirurgicamente é relatada por quase todas as pacientes com a doença metastática. Relatamos dois casos de pacientes com leiomiomatose uterina metastatizante. No primeiro caso, uma paciente de 55 anos de idade apresentou nódulos pulmonares mais de 20 anos após ter sido submetida a uma histerectomia por leiomioma uterino. Os estudos histológico e imunoistoquímico do nódulo pulmonar revelaram tratar-se de implante de leiomioma benigno. A segunda paciente, de 65 anos de idade, apresentou nódulos pulmonares e retroperitoneais 20 anos após ter sido submetida a uma histerectomia em razão de um leiomioma uterino.

Benign metastazing leiomyomatosis (BML) is a rare disease in which the lung is the most affected extra-uterine organ. The BML histology is compatible with benignity and similar to that found in the myometrial leiomyoma. A history of surgically treated uterine myomatosis is reported by most of the patients with metastatic disease. We report the cases of two patients with uterine metastazing leiomyomatosis. In the first case, a 55-year-old patient presented lung nodes over 20 years after being submitted to hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma. The histological and immunohistochemical studies from the lung node revealed that it was an implant of benign leiomyoma. The second patient, a 65-years-old woman, presented lung and retroperitoneal nodes 20 years after being submitted to a hysterectomy due to uterine leiomyoma.

Adiaspiromicose pulmonar humana / Human pulmonary adiaspiromycosis

A adiaspiromicose é uma doença fúngica sistêmica que acomete usualmente roedores e raramente atinge o homem. É causada pelo fungo Emmonsia crescens e ocorre após a inalação da forma contagiante (conídios). Embora estas formas não se multipliquem nem se disseminem no organismo humano, induzem uma reação inflamatória crônica granulomatosa de padrão miliar que pode levar a falência respiratória e morte. Apresentamos aqui um caso de adiaspiromicose pulmonar humana em paciente imunocompetente que exibia infiltrado intersticial pulmonar difuso ao exame de imagem e fora diagnosticado mediante biópsia pulmonar.

Adiaspiromycosis is a systemic fungal disease that usually affects rodents and rarely infects humans. It is caused by the fungus Emmonsia crescens and occurs after inhalation of its contagious form (conidia). Although these forms neither multiply nor spread in the human body, they cause a chronic granulomatous inflammatory reaction of miliary pattern, which may lead to respiratory failure and death. In this study we present a case of human pulmonary adiaspiromycosis in an immunocompetent patient that showed a diffuse pulmonary interstitial infiltrate diagnosed by pulmonary biopsy.

Sclerosing peritonitis associated with luteinized thecoma and elevated serum CA 125 levels: case report.

CONTEXT: Thecomas are benign tumors that account for less than 1% of all ovarian neoplasms. The association of ovarian thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis is rare. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 33-year-old woman, with a two-month history of increasing abdominal volume. Ultrasound showed a complex pelvic lesion and laboratory analysis detected elevated serum CA 125 levels. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and peritoneal biopsy. Histopathological analysis revealed the presence of luteinized thecoma of both ovaries associated with sclerosing peritonitis.

Expressão da proteína Bax no tecido mamário normal de mulheres no menacme tratadas com raloxifeno / Expression of Bax protein in normal tissue of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene

OBJETIVO: avaliar a expressão do antígeno Bax no epitélio mamário normal de mulheres na pré-menopausa tratadas com raloxifeno. MÉTODOS: estudo randomizado duplo-cego, envolvendo 33 mulheres pré-menopáusicas com fibroadenoma. As pacientes foram divididas em dois grupos: Placebo, (n=18) e Raloxifeno 60 mg, (n=15). A medicação foi usada durante 22 dias, começando no primeiro dia do ciclo menstrual. Uma biópsia foi realizada no 23° dia do ciclo menstrual, durante a qual uma amostra do tecido mamário normal adjacente ao fibroadenoma foi coletada e submetida a estudo imuno-histoquímico utilizando o anticorpo policlonal anti-Bax para avaliar a expressão da proteína Bax. A imunorreação para a proteína Bax foi avaliada, levando-se em consideração a intensidade e a fração de células coradas, cuja combinação resultou em um escore final de 0 a 6. Os casos com escore final >3 foram classificados como positivos para proteína Bax. O teste do c2 foi usado para análise estatística dos dados (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: a porcentagem de positividade da proteína Bax foi 66,7 e 73,3 por cento nos Grupos A e B, respectivamente. Não houve diferença significante na expressão do Bax entre os dois grupos (p=0,678). CONCLUSÕES: o raloxifeno administrado por 22 dias na dose de 60 mg/dia não alterou a expressão da proteína Bax no tecido mamário normal de mulheres no menacme.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the expression of Bax antigen in the normal mammary epithelium of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene. METHODS: a randomized double-blind study was conducted in 33 ovulatory premenopausal women with fibroadenoma. Patients were divided into two groups: Placebo, (n=18) and Raloxifene 60 mg, (n=15). The medication was used for 22 days, beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle. An excisional biopsy was carried out on the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle and a sample of normal breast tissue adjacent to the fibroadenoma was collected and submitted to immunohistochemical study using anti-Bax polyclonal antibody to evaluate the expression of Bax protein. Immunoreaction for Bax was evaluated taking into consideration intensity and fraction of stained cells, whose combination resulted in a final score ranging from 0 to 6. Cases with a final score >3 were classified as positive for Bax. The c2 test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: the percentage of positivity of Bax protein expression was 66.7 and 73.3 percent in Groups A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference in Bax expression between the two groups (p=0.678). CONCLUSIONS: raloxifene, administered for 22 days in the dose of 60 mg/day, did not alter the expression of Bax protein in the breast normal tissue of premenopausal women.

Sclerosing peritonitis associated with luteinized thecoma and elevated serum CA 125 levels: case report / Peritonite esclerosante associada com tecoma tuteinizante e elevação do CA 125: relato de caso

CONTEXT: Thecomas are benign tumors that account for less than 1 percent of all ovarian neoplasms. The association of ovarian thecoma with sclerosing peritonitis is rare. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 33-year-old woman, with a two-month history of increasing abdominal volume. Ultrasound showed a complex pelvic lesion and laboratory analysis detected elevated serum CA 125 levels. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and peritoneal biopsy. Histopathological analysis revealed the presence of luteinized thecoma of both ovaries associated with sclerosing peritonitis.

CONTEXTO: Os tecomas são tumores benignos e representam menos de 1 por cento das neoplasias ovarianas. A associação de tecoma de ovário com peritonite esclerosante é rara e caracteriza-se pela presença de múltiplos espessamentos nodulares fibróticos no peritôneo. RELATO DE CASO: Relatamos um caso de uma paciente de 33 anos de idade, com aumento de volume abdominal há dois meses. A ultra-sonografia mostrou uma lesão pélvica complexa e a dosagem de CA 125 mostrava-se elevada. A paciente submeteu-se a histerectomia abdominal total com ooforectomia bilateral e biópsia peritoneal. O exame histopatológico revelou a presença de tecoma luteinizado de ovário bilateral associado a peritonite esclerosante.

[Expression of Bax protein in normal tissue of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene]. / Expressão da proteína Bax no tecido mamário normal de mulheres no menacme tratadas com raloxifeno.

PURPOSE: to evaluate the expression of Bax antigen in the normal mammary epithelium of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene. METHODS: a randomized double-blind study was conducted in 33 ovulatory premenopausal women with fibroadenoma. Patients were divided into two groups: Placebo, (n=18) and Raloxifene 60 mg, (n=15). The medication was used for 22 days, beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle. An excisional biopsy was carried out on the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle and a sample of normal breast tissue adjacent to the fibroadenoma was collected and submitted to immunohistochemical study using anti-Bax polyclonal antibody to evaluate the expression of Bax protein. Immunoreaction for Bax was evaluated taking into consideration intensity and fraction of stained cells, whose combination resulted in a final score ranging from 0 to 6. Cases with a final score >3 were classified as positive for Bax. The c2 test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: the percentage of positivity of Bax protein expression was 66.7 and 73.3% in Groups A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference in Bax expression between the two groups (p=0.678). CONCLUSIONS: raloxifene, administered for 22 days in the dose of 60 mg/day, did not alter the expression of Bax protein in the breast normal tissue of premenopausal women.